Nigeria Property Centre

Property for Sale on Akin Adesola Street, Victoria Island (VI), Lagos

There are 43 flats, houses, land and commercial properties for sale in Victoria Island (VI). Every listing is posted by an estate agent or developer you can contact directly — filter by price, type, furnishing and recency to find the right home.

Property type
Flats Houses Commercial Property Land
Neighbourhoods
1004 Estate Adeola Odeku Street Adetokunbo Ademola Street Ahmadu Bello Way Ajose Adeogun Street Akin Adesola Street Bishop Oluwole Street Covenant Estate Dideolu Estate Eko Hotel Estates Kofo Abayomi Street Landmark Beach Millennium Estate Oniru Estate Oyin Jolayemi Street Ozumba Mbadiwe Road Palace Road Saka Tinubu Street
Features
Furnished Unfurnished

21–40 of 43 properties for sale

Premium 6-Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex + BQ, Elevator, Cinema
Premium
14
₦1,800,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Premium 6-Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex + BQ, Elevator, Cinema

Luxury 6-Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex - Victoria Island - ₦1.8BN For Sale: Premium 6-bedroom fully detached duplex located in a prime and secure environment in Victoria Island Location: Victoria Island Price: ₦1,800,000,000 Comes With: Elevator - Boys' Quarters - Private cinema - Spacious living areas - All rooms ensuite - Modern fitted kitchen - Ample parking - Secure gated environment - Prime location - Serene surroundingsr Whatsapp: 08171969365 Phone: 08136522011, 09155232992 Email: [email protected] We currently have premium homes available for sale across some of Ikoyi, Victoria Island, Lekki Phase 1, Ikate, Salem, Ologolo, Jakande, Osapa London, Agungi, New Road, Chevron, Eleganza, Orchid, Ikota, VGC and Ajah's most sought-after locations, including: Victoria Island (Oniru Estate, Millennium Homes, Adeola Odeku Street, Adetokunbo Ademola Street, Akin Adesola Street, Ligali Ayorinde Street, Sanusi Fafunwa Street, Ajose Adeogun Street, Saka Tinubu Street)

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
6 Beds 6 Baths 7 Toilets 3 Parking
Idealplace_properties
Premium 2-Bedroom Apartments + BQ, Gym, Elevator & Swimming Pool
Premium
8
₦450,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Premium 2-Bedroom Apartments + BQ, Gym, Elevator & Swimming Pool

2-Bedroom Apartments with BQ - Victoria Island - ₦450M For Sale: Premium 2-bedroom apartments with Boys' Quarters, located in a prime and secure environment. Location: Victoria Island, Lagos Price: ₦450,000,000 Comes With: Elevator - Gym - Boys' Quarters - Spacious living areas - All rooms ensuite - Modern fitted kitchen - Ample parking - Secure gated estate - Prime location - No swimming pool For more enquiries, contact Stephen Whatsapp: 08171969365 Phone: 08136522011, 09155232992 Email: [email protected] We currently have premium homes available for sale across some of Ikoyi, Victoria Island, Lekki Phase 1, Ikate, Salem, Ologolo, Jakande, Osapa London, Agungi, New Road, Chevron, Eleganza, Orchid, Ikota, VGC and Ajah's most sought-after locations, including: Victoria Island (Oniru Estate, Millennium Homes, Adeola Odeku Street, Adetokunbo Ademola Street, Akin Adesola Street, Ligali Ayorinde Street, Sanusi Fafunwa Street, Ajose Adeogun Street, Saka Tinubu Street)

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
2 Beds 2 Baths 3 Toilets 2 Parking
Idealplace_properties
Astonishing 5 Bedroom Terraced Duplex with Swimming Pool in an Estate
Premium
13
₦900,000,000

Terraced duplex for sale

Astonishing 5 Bedroom Terraced Duplex with Swimming Pool in an Estate

5 Bed Oniru 900M Astonishing 5 Bedroom Terraced Duplex with swimming pool in an estate in Oniru Location: Oniru Price: 900M Features- * Ensuite rooms - Aesthetic pop ceilings - Spot lighting -Chandelier - Sound system - Masters suite - Spacious living room - Cctv cameras - Clean water -open terrace - Top quality tiles - Pantry -Master's suite - Walk-in closet - Walk-in shower - 3 parking spaces - Gate house - Secured estate -Swimming Pool - Good access roads - Flood free Title : Governor's Consent For more enquiries, contact Stephen Whatsapp: 08171969365 Phone: 08136522011, 09155232992 Email: [email protected] We currently have premium homes available for sale across some of Ikoyi, Victoria Island, Lekki Phase 1, Ikate, Salem, Ologolo, Jakande, Osapa London, Agungi, New Road, Chevron, Eleganza, Orchid, Ikota, VGC and Ajah's most sought-after locations, including: Victoria Island (Oniru Estate, Millennium Homes, Adeola Odeku Street, Adetokunbo Ademola Street, Akin Adesola Street, Ligali Ayorinde Street, Sanusi Fafunwa Street, Ajose Adeogun Street, Saka Tinubu Street)

Oniru, Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
5 Beds 5 Baths 6 Toilets 3 Parking
Idealplace_properties
An Investment- Worthy 2 Bedroom Apartment + Elevator, Pool
Premium
9
₦450,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

An Investment- Worthy 2 Bedroom Apartment + Elevator, Pool

An investment- worthy 2 bedroom apartment - Victoria island , lagos state. Price: ₦450,000,000. Features, facilities & functionalities: -brand new -top of-line finish -ensuite rooms -aesthetic pop ceilings -water heater -kitchen heat extractor -clean treated water -spacious living room -top quality tiles -ample parking spaces -good access roads -flood free -balconies Title:cofo For more enquiries, contact stephen Whatsapp: 08171969365 Phone: 08136522011, 09155232992 Email: idealplaceprop@gmail. Com We currently have premium homes available for sale across some of ikoyi, victoria island, lekki phase 1, ikate, salem, ologolo, jakande, osapa london, agungi, new road, chevron, eleganza, orchid, ikota, vgc and ajah's most sought-after locations, including: Victoria island (oniru estate, millennium homes, adeola odeku street, adetokunbo ademola street, akin adesola street, ligali ayorinde street, sanusi fafunwa street, ajose adeogun street, saka tinubu street)

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
2 Beds 2 Baths 3 Toilets 2 Parking
Idealplace_properties
Offplan 3 Bedrooms Maisonette with Flexible Payment Spread
Premium
7
₦956,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Offplan 3 Bedrooms Maisonette with Flexible Payment Spread

Off plan project ️ pay initial deposit of 40 percent and spread payment plan 3 bedroom maisonette for sale Amenities: - [ ] Fitted Kitchen with accessories - [ ] Modern Day pop Ceiling - [ ] Detailed finishing - [ ] Wardrobes - [ ] Water heater - [ ] Heat extractor - [ ] Gym - [ ] Swimming pool price : 3bedroom : 956M delivery date : Q1 2027 : victoria island lagos For more enquiries, contact Stephen Whatsapp: 08171969365 Phone: 08136522011, 09155232992 Email: [email protected] We currently have premium homes available for sale across some of Ikoyi, Victoria Island, Lekki Phase 1, Ikate, Salem, Ologolo, Jakande, Osapa London, Agungi, New Road, Chevron, Eleganza, Orchid, Ikota, VGC and Ajah's most sought-after locations, including: Victoria Island (Oniru Estate, Millennium Homes, Adeola Odeku Street, Adetokunbo Ademola Street, Akin Adesola Street, Ligali Ayorinde Street, Sanusi Fafunwa Street, Ajose Adeogun Street, Saka Tinubu Street)

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
3 Beds 3 Baths 4 Toilets 2 Parking
Idealplace_properties
Luxury 3-Bedroom Apartment with BQ (Unfurnished), Pool, Elevator
Premium
10
₦520,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Luxury 3-Bedroom Apartment with BQ (Unfurnished), Pool, Elevator

Luxury 3-Bedroom Apartment with BQ (Unfurnished) - Victoria Island - ₦520M For Sale: Premium 3-bedroom apartment with Boys' Quarters, located in a prime and secure environment in Victoria Island Location: Victoria Island, Lagos Price: ₦520,000,000 Title: C of O Comes With: Boys' Quarters - Spacious living areas - All rooms ensuite - Modern fitted kitchen - Ample parking - Secure environment - Prime location - Serene neighborhood For more enquiries, contact Stephen Whatsapp: 08171969365 Phone: 08136522011, 09155232992 Email: [email protected] We currently have premium homes available for sale across some of Lekki, Ajah, Ikoyi, and Victoria Island's most sought-after locations, including - Victoria Island (Oniru Estate, Millennium Homes, Adeola Odeku Street, Adetokunbo Ademola Street, Akin Adesola Street, Ligali Ayorinde Street, Sanusi Fafunwa Street, Ajose Adeogun Street, Saka Tinubu Street)

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
2 Beds 2 Baths 3 Toilets 2 Parking
Idealplace_properties
Iconic Buidling on 6 Floors with 2 Floor Multi-Purpose Block on 3, 500S
Premium
1
$17,000,000

Office space for sale

Iconic Buidling on 6 Floors with 2 Floor Multi-Purpose Block on 3, 500S

Commercial building for investment in v. I Iconic buidling on 6 floors with 2- floor multi-purpose block, with the following details. Location: akin adesola Land size: 3500m2 Total lettable space: 3500m2 Title: lagos state Car park: up to 120 cars Facilities: lifts, generatos, etc Price : $17m Important note: property is fully tenanted by a corporate organization. Current rent per annum : #366m per annum.

Akin Adesola Street, Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
Breathing Space.
Luxury Brand New 2 Bedroom Apartment
Featured
14
₦480,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Luxury Brand New 2 Bedroom Apartment

1unit of 2 bedroom apartment Location: Victoria Island, Lagos Price: ₦480,000,000 Title: Governor's Consent Features: 24 Hours Electricity Gated Compound CCTV Security All Rooms Ensuite Fitted Kitchen Concrete Floor Water Heaters Elevator Laundry Room Earth

Off Akin Adesola Street, Victoria Island (VI), Lagos Added yesterday
2 Beds 2 Baths 2 Toilets 2 Parking
Upper-Link Realtors
Featured
₦13,000,000,000

Mixed-use land for sale

Well Located 6500.849 SQMTRS of Mixed-Use Land

Hot and juucy 6500 SQMTRS of land for sale at the victoria island, lagos 6500.849 sqmtrs of land with structures, perfect for luxury residential, commercial tower or mixed-use development. A very rare opportunity on Victoria Island corporate corridor, banks, hotels and multinationals are all with reach Located off Akin Adesola Street, Victoria Island, Lagos Title: Federal C of O with 74 years unexpired lease. Clean & Bankable Price: ₦13billion Slightly Neg. Agency: 5%

Off Akin Adesola Street, Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
6500 sqm
Beatitude Properties
Investment-Grade 4 Bedroom Terrace with BQ, Cinema & Gym
Featured
14
₦850,000,000

Terraced duplex for sale

Investment-Grade 4 Bedroom Terrace with BQ, Cinema & Gym

EC00239 Investment-Grade 4 Bedroom Terrace with BQ, Cinema & Gym - Victoria Island - ₦850M An exceptional opportunity to own a well-appointed 4-bedroom terrace residence in a secure and highly desirable Victoria Island location. Combining generous living spaces, premium amenities, and strong investment fundamentals, this property offers excellent value in one of Lagos' most sought-after real estate markets. Location: Victoria Island, Lagos Price: ₦850,000,000 Title: Governor's Consent Features, Facilities & Functionalities: - 4 En-Suite Bedrooms - Boys' Quarters (BQ) - Private Cinema Room - Gym - Study Room - Spacious Living & Dining Areas - Aesthetic pop Ceilings - Premium Spot Lighting - Chandelier - Integrated Sound System - CCTV Surveillance System - Clean Treated Water - Premium Floor Tiles - Pantry - Island Kitchen Countertop - Master Suite - Walk-In Closet - Walk-In Shower - Jacuzzi - Custom Vanity - 3 Dedicated Parking Spaces - Secure Estate Environment - Excellent Access Roads - Flood-Free Location Investment Highlights: - Prime Victoria Island Location - Investment Opportunity - Strong Rental Demand - High Rental Yield Potential - Capital Appreciation Potential - Expatriate-Friendly Community - High Resale Value - Secure Estate Living - Luxury Lifestyle Amenities - Excellent Value for Money Neighbouring Landmarks: - Eko Hotel & Suites - Ozumba Mbadiwe Avenue - Akin Adesola - Oniru - Victoria Island Business District - Lekki-Ikoyi Link Bridge For Enquiries & Private Inspection: Edmund Castle International Realty +234 802 268 9293 WhatsApp: +44 7917 905490 [email protected] Instagram: @edmundcastle.lagos @edmundcastle.london @edmundcastle.uae #VictoriaIslandRealEstate #InvestmentPropertyNigeria #LuxuryHomesLagos #PrimeLocationLiving #EdmundCastleRealty

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
4 Beds 4 Baths 4 Toilets
Edmund Castle Properties
Brand New 6 Story Office Building on 3, 500SQM
Featured
7
$20,000,000

Office space for sale

Brand New 6 Story Office Building on 3, 500SQM

For smart investors : unique office sales in V. I. An Iconic 6 story building office complex with additional 2 floors building on total land Size of 3,500m2. Total let able space: 3500m2 Each floor is 500m2 location: Akin adesola adesola V/ I Lagos. Title: Governor's Consent. Price: $20m. Facilities include; 3 dedicated Generators - Dedicated transformer +-10 passengers Lift - Central Ac

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
Benlary Reality Home
7 Floor Office Space
Featured
10
$13,000,000

Office space for sale

7 Floor Office Space

The building is 7 floors + penthouse Land Area is 1300 Sqm Each floor 385 square meter First and second floor have 3 one bedroom apartments and 1 studio From 3 to 7th floors is one apartment with 3 masters bedrooms 8th floor is a penthouse with terraces 2 underground water tanks each 21000Liters + water treatment 7 BQ's Car Park for 24 cars 2 Generators 135kva and 200kva Sound proof with 10.000L Diesel tank Electrical fens Private transformer 500kva 1 Lift Mitsubishi Service and emergency stair exit. fire protection system

Akin Adesola Street, Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
15 Parking 1300 sqm
Atlantic Partners
Premium 4-Bedroom Serviced Maisonette with BQ, Pool, Elevator
Featured
8
₦2,000,000,000

Flat / apartment for sale

Premium 4-Bedroom Serviced Maisonette with BQ, Pool, Elevator

Luxury 4-Bedroom Maisonette with BQ - Victoria Island - ₦2BN For Sale: Premium 4-bedroom maisonette with Boys' Quarters, located in a prime and secure environment in Victoria Island Location: Victoria Island, Lagos Price: ₦2,000,000,000 Title: Governor's Consent - Building Approval Comes With: Boys' Quarters - Swimming Pool - Elevator - Gym - Spacious living areas - All rooms ensuite - Modern fitted kitchen - Ample parking - Secure environment - Prime location - Serene neighborhood For more enquiries, contact Stephen Whatsapp: 08171969365 Phone: 08136522011, 09155232992 Email: [email protected] We currently have premium homes available for sale across some of Lekki, Ajah, Ikoyi, and Victoria Island's most sought-after locations, including - Victoria Island (Oniru Estate, Millennium Homes, Adeola Odeku Street, Adetokunbo Ademola Street, Akin Adesola Street, Ligali Ayorinde Street, Sanusi Fafunwa Street, Ajose Adeogun Street, Saka Tinubu Street)

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
4 Beds 4 Baths 5 Toilets 3 Parking
Idealplace_properties
₦16,000,000,000

Mixed-use land for sale

11, 000 SQM

Just in for - mega plot 11,000 SQM in the heart of victoria island - lagos !!! Location: Off Bishop Oluwole Street, Victoria Island Lans Size: 11,000 sqm ∼2.7 Acres Title: C of O Verified & Clean Price: N16Billion N1.45M/sqm - Scale: 11,000sqm is rare in VI. - Perfect for estate, luxury towers, mall, or HQ campus. - Location: Bishop Oluwole corridor = blue-chip VI. 2 mins to Eko Hotel, Akin Adesola. - C of O: Clean title on massive plot removes 90% of VI land risk. - Price/SQM:!At N1.45M/sqm, this is wholesale VI pricing vs N2.5M/sqm retail plots. Terms: Direct mandate. Serious buyers only. Inspection + owner meeting strictly by pof N16BN + company profile.

Off Bishop Oluwole Street, Victoria Island, Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
11000 sqm
5050properties
Prime Commercial Development Land with Existing Structures on 2, 081SQM
1
₦2,500,000

Land for sale

Prime Commercial Development Land with Existing Structures on 2, 081SQM

EC00236 Prime Commercial Development Land with Existing Structures on 2,081sqm - Victoria Island - ₦2.5M Per SQM An exceptional investment opportunity in the heart of Victoria Island. This strategically positioned parcel measuring approximately 2,081sqm comes with two existing structures and offers significant redevelopment potential for commercial, mixed-use, hospitality, residential, or corporate headquarters projects within one of Lagos' most valuable real estate corridors. Location: Victoria Island, Lagos Land Size: 2,081 SQM Price: ₦2,500,000 Per SQM Total Asking Price: ₦5.2025 Billion Title: Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Property Highlights: - Prime Victoria Island Address - 2 Existing Structures on Site - Strategic Investment Location - Excellent Redevelopment Potential - Suitable for Commercial Development - Suitable for Luxury Residential Development - Suitable for Mixed-Use Projects - Excellent Accessibility - High-Growth Investment Corridor - Strong Demand Location Investment Highlights: - Prime Location - Investment Opportunity - Strong Capital Appreciation Potential - High Commercial Value - High Rental Yield Potential - Landmark Development Potential - Corporate Headquarters Opportunity - Hospitality Development Potential - High Resale Value - Rare Large Land Holding in Victoria Island Neighbouring Landmarks: - Ozumba Mbadiwe Avenue - Victoria Island Business District - Eko Hotel & Suites - Akin Adesola - Oniru - Lekki-Ikoyi Link Bridge For Enquiries & Private Inspection: Edmund Castle International Realty +234 802 268 9293 WhatsApp: +44 7917 905490 [email protected] Instagram: @edmundcastle.lagos @edmundcastle.london @edmundcastle.uae #VictoriaIslandRealEstate #CommercialLandLagos #PrimePropertyInvestment #DevelopmentOpportunity #EdmundCastleRealty

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
Edmund Castle Properties
₦1,450,000 per sq.m

Mixed-use land for sale

Just in, Mega Plot 11, 000 SQM

Just in for - mega plot 11,000 SQM in the heart of victoria island - lagos !!! Location: Off Bishop Oluwole Street, Victoria Island Lans Size: 11,000 sqm ∼2.7 Acres Title: C of O Verified & Clean Price: N16Billion N1.45M/sqm Why This Is Trophy Land ? - Scale: 11,000sqm is rare in VI. - Perfect for estate, luxury towers, mall, or HQ campus. - Location: Bishop Oluwole corridor = blue-chip VI. 2 mins to Eko Hotel, Akin Adesola. - C of O: Clean title on massive plot removes 90% of VI land risk. - Price/SQM:!At N1.45M/sqm, this is wholesale VI pricing vs N2.5M/sqm retail plots. Terms: Direct mandate. Serious buyers only. Inspection + owner meeting strictly by pof N16BN + company profile. WhatsApp:!08027015057 Why N1.45M/sqm makes sense: Plot comps: 1,500sqm plots around Bishop Oluwole trade N2.3M-N2.6M/sqm. Bulk discount applies at 11,000sqm. At N1.45M, developer can build, sell, and still do 35%+ margin.

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
110000 sqm
Toluwa Global Investment LTD
Prestigious High Rise Building
1
₦18,000,000,000

Commercial property for sale

Prestigious High Rise Building

Prestigious High Rise Commercial Building For Sale Land Size : 1,500 Sqm Location: Akin Adesola, Victoria island, Lagos, Nigeria Current Value: #18 billion Title: Governor's Consent, Certificate Of Occupancy

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
Jenic Real Estate
Commercial Building Iconic Buidling on 6 Floors
1
₦18,000,000,000

Plaza / complex / mall for sale

Commercial Building Iconic Buidling on 6 Floors

Commercial building for sale in v. I Iconic buidling on 6 floors with 2- floor multi purpose block, with the following details. Location: akin adesola Land size: 3500m2 Total lettable space: 3500m2; presently fully tenanted by mtn lease to terminate august 2027 Title: lagos state Car park: up to 120 cars Facilities: lifts, generatos, etc Price : $18m usd or naira equivalent Important note: property is fully tenanted by a corporate organization.

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
100 Baths 50 Toilets 10 Parking 3500 sqm
Tee&vee Integrated Company Limited
Exquisitely Finished Office Complex
1
$17,000,000

Office space for sale

Exquisitely Finished Office Complex

Exquisitely finished office complex features: 3500SQM land size (CAN park UP to 50CARS) 500SQM each for the 5storey building/ 250SQM space for the 2storey BUILDING) tempered& double-glazed curtain wall system to minimize the effect of heat & noise from the road.. A 10-person panoramic passenger lift with inbuilt air conditioners central air conditioners system+ ventilation system.. 4restroom per floor with quality sanitary wares, hand dryers& extractor fans 2 kitchenette & storage areas per floor * 3dedicators generators dedicated TRANSFORMER(1000KVA) synchronised panel at ats underground & above tank diesel (10,000 &5000 Liters) excellent lighting system adequate ups systems that keep electrical components fully charged borehole & water treatment plant sewage system (UNDERGROUND) BMS systems for monitoring & control of all systems from the control room.. Complete elv systems public address system CCTV surveillance & intercoms TV system with advert in public areas centralized data systems for internet/telephone time attendance fire alarm system fenced gated+ massive car park fire fighting system+fire hose & pump set automated barriers for front & back entrances. Infrared sliding door on the ground floor Etc.. Location: Akin adesola victoria island ikoyi, lagos. Title: Governors consent. $17m usd

Akin Adesola, Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
Loftcode LTD
10floor Building with a Penthouse, 135kva, 80kva
2
$17,000,000

Plaza / complex / mall for sale

10floor Building with a Penthouse, 135kva, 80kva

For Sale. Drive Way Building. Akin Adeshola St,, V/Island Building Specs, The building is 7 floors + penthouse at 10a Akin Adesola opposite Nestoil building. Land Area is 1360 Sqm Ground floor office 200 sqm Each floor 395 square meter First and second floor have 3 one bedroom apartments and 1 studio From 3 to 7th floors is one apartment with 3 masters bedrooms 8th floor is a penthouse with terraces 2 underground water tanks each 21000Liters + water treatment 7 BQ's Car Park for 24 cars 2 Generators 135kva and 80kva Sound proof with 10.000L Diesel tank 1 Lift Mitsubishi Service and emergency stair exit. fire protection system For sale price is 17M usd

Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
1360 sqm
Benlary Reality Home

Showing 21–40 of 43 properties

Area Guide

About Victoria Island (VI), Nigeria

Victoria Island (VI) is an affluent area that encompasses a former island of the same name that sits between Lagos Island and the Lekki Peninsula in the Lagos Lagoon. It is the main business and financial centre of Lagos in Lagos State, Nigeria. Victoria Island is one of the most exclusive and expensive areas to live in Nigeria. The town and island lie within the boundaries of the Eti-Osa LGA.

Originally designated an upscale residential area, failing infrastructure and overcrowding in the old business district on Lagos Island and lax zoning enforcement in Victoria Island led to a mass migration of businesses over the last twenty-five years. Today, Victoria Island is one of Nigeria's busiest centres of banking and commerce, with most major Nigerian and international corporations headquartered on the Island.

The Island has continued to rapidly develop and along with Ikoyi, is a favourite spot for Nigerians and foreigners to live and play.

Read the full area guide
FAQ

Frequently asked questions

There are 43 available flats, houses, land and commercial property for sale on Akin Adesola Street, Victoria Island (VI), Lagos. You can view and filter the list of property by price, furnishing and recency.