Biu is a town and a Local Government Area (LGA) located in Borno state, Nigeria. The Town Biu is where the headquarters is situated. The Biu kingdom came into existence around 1670 in the reign of Mari Watila Tampta. The inhabitants of the region are mainly Pabir known as the "Babur", Bura, Tera, Marghi, Mina and Fulani people. Babur, Bura, Tera, Marghi and Mina are Biu-Mandara languages of the Chadic language group.
The economy in Biu is mixed agricultural, based on herding cattle, goats, sheep, horses, and donkeys; farming sorghum, millet, maize, cowpea, and cotton. Agriculture consists mostly of small farms using traditional methods. There is a small mining industry in Biu, with iron ore, gravel, magnesite, uranium, feldspar, topaz, mica, granite, aquamarine, nephelite, and salt being extracted.