There are 20,564 land for sale and rent across Nigeria as of 14 Aug 2026, with an average price of ₦350M. Every listing is posted by an estate agent or developer you can contact directly — filter by price, type, furnishing and recency to find the right home.
Prime Investment Opportunity with Immediate Allocation
Limited plots available at Madison Gardens Estate, Chevron Drive, Lekki Instant Allocation --- Buy Today, Build Tomorrow 648sqm ₦300M per plot Chevron Drive, Lekki Registered Deed of Assignment Secure your space in a premium, strategically located estate. Hurry --- plots are selling fast! www.madisongardenestate.com
Video: JV opportunity in jahi -- prime location direct sole mandate Location: Ahmadu Bello Way, Jahi, Abuja Land Size: 3,800 SQM Title: C of O Development Type: Mixed-Use (Residential/Commercial) Land Value: ₦4.5 Billion Premium: ₦500 Million Sharing Formula: 50/50 Status: Direct Brief This is a premium Joint Venture opportunity in one of Abuja's most strategic and fast-developing corridors. Ahmadu Bello Way, Jahi offers: ️ Excellent road network ️ High visibility ️ Strong commercial potential ️ Premium residential demand ️ Solid roi for serious developers Perfect for developers looking to build luxury apartments, commercial plazas, corporate offices, or a high-end mixed-use development. Serious investors & developers only. Google Pin Kaura Moha
Next Cash and Carry Expressway, Jahi, Abuja
3800 sqm
Favour- Land Realty
Video
₦1,500,000per plot
Mixed-use land for sale
Land
Atlanta Georgia Park and Garden Estate, Ikere, Ekiti
540 sqm
Adron Homes and Properties Limited
1
₦5,500,000per acre
Farm land for sale
Land with Freehold in a Good Location
Palm Oil Investment in Abeokuta Ogun State What You Secure ️ Ownership of a defined Farm Unit (asset you can see, verify, and own) ️ Direct access to produce-linked income from oil palm harvests ️ Fully professionally managed operations ️ Freehold title with registered survey ️ Structured documentation, transparency, and reporting Situated in Imala-Anigbado, Abeokuta North lga, Nova Palm City is positioned within a high-growth agricultural corridor, deal for scale, accessibility, and long-term appreciation. How You Earn Your returns are tied directly to Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) harvested from your farm. ️ Earn from real agricultural output ️ Sell independently or via Agrinova's structured channels ️ Benefit from prevailing market prices You don't just own land... your land works for you. _*Nova Palm City is designed for investors who want:*_ ️ Asset-backed wealth creation ️ Long-term, sustainable income ️ Protection against inflation ️ Structured, professionally managed opportunities Pre-Launch Pricing (Limited Window) 3000 sqm (All-Inclusive)* Pre-Launch: 5,500,000 (0--6 Months) Initial Deposit: 1,000,000 Why You Should Act Now? Early subscribers enjoy: ️ Discounted entry pricing ️ Better allocation positioning ️ First access to high-potential zones within the estate Smart investors don't just buy land, They buy assets that produce. - Land appreciates. - Agriculture produces. - Nova Palm City does both.
Nova Farm City Imala, Abeokuta North, Ogun
6 Parking
3000 sqm
CB Global Properties
1
₦300,000,000
Land joint venture
914 SQM Prime Land
𝘼𝙋𝙋𝙍𝙊𝙓. 1 𝘼𝙉𝘿 𝙃𝘼𝙇𝙁 𝙋𝙇𝙊𝙏𝙎 𝙊𝙁 𝙋𝙍𝙄𝙈𝙀 𝙇𝘼𝙉𝘿 𝙁𝙊𝙍 𝙅𝙊𝙄𝙉𝙏 𝙑𝙀𝙉𝙏𝙐𝙍𝙀 𝙄𝙉 𝙇𝙀𝙆𝙆𝙄 𝙋𝙃𝘼𝙎𝙀 2, 𝙇𝘼𝙂𝙊𝙎 - Land Size: 914.432 SQM - Sharing ratio and JV terms subject to mutual agreement with the landowner - Premium: ₦20 Million - 𝑇𝑖𝑡𝑙𝑒: C of O - 𝐿𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒: ₦300 Million 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐲 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐡: - Strategic Lekki-Epe corridor location with access to Victoria Island and Ajah axis - Expanding residential growth driven by new gated estates and structured developments - Strong appeal to mid-to-high income professionals working across Lekki, VI, and Ibeju-Lekki - Planned road network and improving infrastructure supporting new large-scale developments - Increasing demand for modern housing options such as terraces, duplexes, and serviced apartments - Proximity to key lifestyle and commercial hubs including malls, beaches, and emerging business zones Control your financial capital with real estate today. --- Have a specific property goal? Speak with us to discuss your specific requirements. --- 𝐈𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐑𝐓𝐀𝐍𝐓 𝐍𝐎𝐓𝐄: Only direct clients or principal mandates are welcome. Kindly note that inquiries from third parties will not be responded to. 𝑊𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝐹𝑂𝑅𝑇𝑀𝐼𝐶𝐻𝐴𝑁, 𝑦𝑜𝑢 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 𝑦𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒
Lekki Phase 2, Lekki, Lagos
914 sqm
Fortmichan Real Estate Services
1
₦3,500,000per acre
Industrial land for sale
2 Acres of Land Available
2 Acres of land available for sales at Iberese community via Agbara area of Ogun State Nigeria, it's suitable for residential, industrial, estate development, church camp, school projects or agricultural projects, price is #3.5M per acre, title documents is family receipt and Land purchase receipt Plus deed of assignment. Fou.i.am. Evang
Agbara, Ado-Odo/Ota, Ogun
Abbey & Co
ADVERTISEMENTResponsive
4
₦1,800,000per plot
Residential land for sale
Affordable Land with C of O
Land With C of O in View at Infinity Estate Kobape Road, Abeokuta Ogun State - Welcome to Infinity Estate. Buy 6plots and get 1plot for free. Infinity Estate is totally free from government acquisition. Get instant allocation immediately after all the payments. Flexible payment plans available up to 12 months. Prices: 1.8M - 0-3months 2.1M - 12months initial deposit: 500k Every week, new owners are claiming their plots at Infinity Estate --- Agodo via Kobape. Landmarks: - Kobape Town -Abeokuta--Shagamu Expressway - President Muhammadu Buhari (PMB) Estate title: {C of O in View}, Registered survey and deed of assignment
Infinity Estate Kobape Agodo, Immigration Center Axis, Abeokuta South, Ogun
4 Parking
450 sqm
CB Global Properties
2
₦800,000,000
Land for sale
Prime Residential 727.371 SQM Land
CWL1604 Prime Residential 727.371 Sqm Land in Lekki Acquire this premium 727.371sqm parcel of land in the highly sought-after Lekki Phase 1, Lagos. Situated in one of Lagos' most prestigious residential neighborhoods, this property presents an excellent opportunity to develop a luxury home or secure a high-value real estate investment. With a Letter of Allocation, this plot offers a strategic location with strong capital appreciation potential. Property Details Location: Lekki Phase 1, Lagos Property Type: Residential Land Land Size: 727.371sqm Title: Letter of Allocation Price: ₦800,000,000 Property Highlights Prime Lekki Phase 1 Location 727.371sqm Land Parcel Letter of Allocation Well-Developed Neighborhood Excellent Road Network Ideal for Luxury Residential Development Investment Highlights High Capital Appreciation Potential Prime Residential Address Excellent Investment Opportunity Suitable for Luxury Home Development Strong Market Demand Ideal Buyer This property is ideal for developers, investors, and individuals looking to build a bespoke luxury residence in Lekki Phase 1. Price ₦800,000,000 Location Lekki Phase 1, Lagos Land Size 727.371sqm Property Type Residential Land For more Information, Pricing and Private Viewings Please Contact: Rose: 08149226187 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate
Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
C W Real Estate
2
₦800,000,000
Land for sale
Prime Residential 727.371 SQM Land
CWL1604 Prime Residential 727.371 Sqm Land in Lekki Acquire this premium 727.371sqm parcel of land in the highly sought-after Lekki Phase 1, Lagos. Situated in one of Lagos' most prestigious residential neighborhoods, this property presents an excellent opportunity to develop a luxury home or secure a high-value real estate investment. With a Letter of Allocation, this plot offers a strategic location with strong capital appreciation potential. Property Details Location: Lekki Phase 1, Lagos Property Type: Residential Land Land Size: 727.371sqm Title: Letter of Allocation Price: ₦800,000,000 Property Highlights Prime Lekki Phase 1 Location 727.371sqm Land Parcel Letter of Allocation Well-Developed Neighborhood Excellent Road Network Ideal for Luxury Residential Development Investment Highlights High Capital Appreciation Potential Prime Residential Address Excellent Investment Opportunity Suitable for Luxury Home Development Strong Market Demand Ideal Buyer This property is ideal for developers, investors, and individuals looking to build a bespoke luxury residence in Lekki Phase 1. Price ₦800,000,000 Location Lekki Phase 1, Lagos Land Size 727.371sqm Property Type Residential Land For more Information, Pricing and Private Viewings Please Contact: Rose: 08149226187 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate
Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
C W Real Estate
₦100,000,000
Farm land for sale
C of O Plot Land
Navy Estate Phase 2 Gate, Karshi, Abuja
10000 sqm
Kingsmate Properties LTD
1
₦5,000,000per sq.m
Residential land for sale
885 SQM Original Allotted Plot
Prime property Prime location Non sandfilled Original Allotted Fed cfo Others available August
Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos
Vallecano Ventures
ADVERTISEMENT750 × 120
1
₦9,000,000per plot
Residential land for sale
3 Bedroom Flat Land
This property is made for estate development
Apo Wasa Road, Wasa, Apo, Abuja
2 Parking
170 sqm
Keysquare Homes & Properties Limited
3
₦159,000,000
Residential land for sale
Land
Premium land for sale Location :elite villas -- Wuye, FCT, Abuja Own a premium property in one of Abuja's most sought-after locations with flexible payment options. Available Plot Sizes & Prices 250 sqm -- ₦159,000,000 350 sqm -- ₦222,000,000 500 sqm -- ₦317,000,000 750 sqm -- ₦475,000,000 Prime location in Wuye, FCT, Abuja Flexible payment plan available Ideal for residential living and long-term investment Secure your preferred plot today and enjoy the opportunity to spread your payments conveniently. For enquiries, inspections, and reservations, kindly contact me through
Abuja, Central Area Phase 2, Abuja
3 Parking
Carrol Real Estate
2
₦24,000,000per plot
Residential land for sale
1000sqm-Deveploment Site
Unlock exceptional investment opportunities with this 1000 SQM development plot in Elite City. With secure documentation, quality infrastructure, and increasing demand for residential developments, this is a valuable opportunity to build for today while investing for tomorrow. Property Features 1000 SQM Development Plot Suitable for a 4-Unit Block of 3-Bedroom Apartments fcda Approved Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Instant Allocation Dry, Solid Terrain Flexible Payment Options Well-Planned Estate Infrastructure Accessible Internal Roads Perimeter Fencing Excellent for Residential Development Outstanding Capital Appreciation Strategic Access to Airport Road, Ketti, Lugbe, Gwarimpa, Jabi & Abuja CBD Growing Investment Environment Professional Estate Administration Free Site Inspection * Verified Land Documentation
CWL1603 Prime 500,000 sqm Commercial Land Secure a landmark investment in one of Lagos' fastest-growing development corridors. This 50-hectare prime land is strategically positioned along the Coastal Road in Abijo G.R.A, offering exceptional opportunities for large-scale residential, commercial, institutional, and mixed-use developments. With direct highway frontage and a Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), this property is ideal for visionary developers and institutional investors. Property Details Property Type Commercial & Mixed-Use Development Land Location Lekki, Lagos Total Land Size 50 Hectares 500,000 sqm 125 Acres Title Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Price ₦325,000 per sqm Flexible Purchase Options From 1 Hectare (10,000 sqm / 2.5 Acres) -- Inner Portions (Not Facing the Coastal Road) From 5 Hectares (50,000 sqm / 12.5 Acres) and Above -- Coastal Road Frontage (Facing the Highway) Strategic Advantages Directly Facing the Coastal Road Just Off the Lekki-Epe Expressway Approximately 10 Minutes from Victoria Island (via Coastal Road) Excellent Accessibility Located Within a Rapidly Developing Investment Corridor Suitable for Large-Scale Master-Planned Developments Ideal Development Uses Universities & Educational Institutions Hospitals & Medical Facilities Resorts & Hospitality Developments Residential Estates Commercial Estates Mixed-Use Developments Corporate Campuses Land Banking for Future Appreciation Investment Highlights Prime Highway Frontage Secure Lagos State C of O Title Flexible Acquisition Options Outstanding Capital Appreciation Potential High-Growth Lekki Corridor Excellent Infrastructure Development Prospects Ideal for Institutional Investors and Large Developers Location Benefits Situated within the thriving Abijo G.R.A corridor, the property enjoys seamless connectivity to the Lekki-Epe Expressway, the Coastal Road, major residential communities, commercial hubs, educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and the rapidly expanding Ibeju-Lekki investment axis. Its strategic position makes it an exceptional opportunity for both immediate development and long-term land banking. This is a rare opportunity to acquire large-scale titled land in one of Lagos' most promising growth corridors, offering immense potential for transformational developments and significant long-term returns. For more Information, Pricing and Private Viewings Please Contact: Ebun: 07048089358 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate
Lekki, Lagos
C W Real Estate
2
₦325,000per sq.m
Commercial land for sale
Prime 500, 000 SQM Commercial Land
CWL1603 Prime 500,000 sqm Commercial Land Secure a landmark investment in one of Lagos' fastest-growing development corridors. This 50-hectare prime land is strategically positioned along the Coastal Road in Abijo G.R.A, offering exceptional opportunities for large-scale residential, commercial, institutional, and mixed-use developments. With direct highway frontage and a Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), this property is ideal for visionary developers and institutional investors. Property Details Property Type Commercial & Mixed-Use Development Land Location Lekki, Lagos Total Land Size 50 Hectares 500,000 sqm 125 Acres Title Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Price ₦325,000 per sqm Flexible Purchase Options From 1 Hectare (10,000 sqm / 2.5 Acres) -- Inner Portions (Not Facing the Coastal Road) From 5 Hectares (50,000 sqm / 12.5 Acres) and Above -- Coastal Road Frontage (Facing the Highway) Strategic Advantages Directly Facing the Coastal Road Just Off the Lekki-Epe Expressway Approximately 10 Minutes from Victoria Island (via Coastal Road) Excellent Accessibility Located Within a Rapidly Developing Investment Corridor Suitable for Large-Scale Master-Planned Developments Ideal Development Uses Universities & Educational Institutions Hospitals & Medical Facilities Resorts & Hospitality Developments Residential Estates Commercial Estates Mixed-Use Developments Corporate Campuses Land Banking for Future Appreciation Investment Highlights Prime Highway Frontage Secure Lagos State C of O Title Flexible Acquisition Options Outstanding Capital Appreciation Potential High-Growth Lekki Corridor Excellent Infrastructure Development Prospects Ideal for Institutional Investors and Large Developers Location Benefits Situated within the thriving Abijo G.R.A corridor, the property enjoys seamless connectivity to the Lekki-Epe Expressway, the Coastal Road, major residential communities, commercial hubs, educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and the rapidly expanding Ibeju-Lekki investment axis. Its strategic position makes it an exceptional opportunity for both immediate development and long-term land banking. This is a rare opportunity to acquire large-scale titled land in one of Lagos' most promising growth corridors, offering immense potential for transformational developments and significant long-term returns. For more Information, Pricing and Private Viewings Please Contact: Ebun: 07048089358 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] Website: www.cwlagos.com We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate
Lekki, Lagos
C W Real Estate
2
₦13,200,000per plot
Residential land for sale
550sqm-Grand Mansion Home
Whether you're building your forever home or investing in Abuja's expanding real estate market, this property offers the ideal combination of prestige, security, and future appreciation. Property Features fcda Approved Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Immediate Allocation Dry and Level Land Convenient Payment Plan Professionally Planned Estate Wide Internal Road Network Secure Estate Perimeter Premium Residential Community Excellent Long-Term Investment Strong Capital Growth Potential Quick Access to Airport Road, Ketti, Lugbe, Gwarimpa, Jabi & Abuja CBD Peaceful Neighbourhood Reliable Estate Management Complimentary Site Inspection Authentic Property Documentation
CWL1602 Prime 1057sqm Land in Victoria Island Acquire this premium 1,057sqm parcel of land in the heart of Victoria Island, Lagos. Strategically located within one of Lagos' most prestigious districts, this property presents an excellent opportunity for luxury residential, commercial, or mixed-use development. With a Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), the property offers secure ownership and exceptional investment potential. Property Details Location: Victoria Island, Lagos Property Type: Land Land Size: 1,057sqm Title: Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Price: ₦3,000,000 per sqm Property Highlights Prime Victoria Island Location 1,057sqm Development Plot Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy Excellent Accessibility Suitable for Residential or Commercial Development High-Growth Investment Area Suitable Development Options Luxury Residential Development Corporate Office Building Boutique Commercial Complex Mixed-Use Development Hospitality Project Investment Highlights Prestigious Victoria Island Address Strong Capital Appreciation Potential Secure Land Title High Investment Value Excellent Development Opportunity Ideal Buyer This property is ideal for developers, corporate organizations, institutional investors, and high-net-worth individuals seeking a prime development site in Victoria Island. Price ₦3,000,000 per sqm Location Victoria Island, Lagos Land Size 1,057sqm Property Type Development Land for more information, pricing and private viewing Please Contact: Emmanuel: 09088072106 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate
Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
C W Real Estate
₦3,000,000per sq.m
Land for sale
Prime 1057SQM Land
CWL1602 Prime 1057sqm Land in Victoria Island Acquire this premium 1,057sqm parcel of land in the heart of Victoria Island, Lagos. Strategically located within one of Lagos' most prestigious districts, this property presents an excellent opportunity for luxury residential, commercial, or mixed-use development. With a Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), the property offers secure ownership and exceptional investment potential. Property Details Location: Victoria Island, Lagos Property Type: Land Land Size: 1,057sqm Title: Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Price: ₦3,000,000 per sqm Property Highlights Prime Victoria Island Location 1,057sqm Development Plot Lagos State Certificate of Occupancy Excellent Accessibility Suitable for Residential or Commercial Development High-Growth Investment Area Suitable Development Options Luxury Residential Development Corporate Office Building Boutique Commercial Complex Mixed-Use Development Hospitality Project Investment Highlights Prestigious Victoria Island Address Strong Capital Appreciation Potential Secure Land Title High Investment Value Excellent Development Opportunity Ideal Buyer This property is ideal for developers, corporate organizations, institutional investors, and high-net-worth individuals seeking a prime development site in Victoria Island. Price ₦3,000,000 per sqm Location Victoria Island, Lagos Land Size 1,057sqm Property Type Development Land for more information, pricing and private viewing Please Contact: Emmanuel: 09088072106 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate
Victoria Island (VI), Lagos
C W Real Estate
₦750,000per sq.m
Land for sale
Prime Residential Land
CWL1601 Prime Residential Land Lekki Phase1 Invest in premium residential land within the highly sought-after Lekki Phase 1, Lagos. These two plots offer an excellent opportunity to build luxury homes or secure a valuable real estate investment in one of Lagos' most desirable neighborhoods. With a Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), these properties provide secure ownership and strong long-term appreciation potential. Property Details Location: Lekki Phase 1, Lagos Property Type: Residential Land Available Land Sizes: 920sqm 930sqm Title: Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Price: ₦750,000 per sqm (Net) Property Highlights Prime Lekki Phase 1 Location Two Available Plots Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Well-Developed Neighborhood Excellent Road Network Ideal for Luxury Residential Development Investment Highlights High Capital Appreciation Potential Prime Residential Address Strong Investment Value Suitable for Luxury Homes Secure Land Title Ideal Buyer These plots are ideal for developers, investors, and individuals looking to build bespoke luxury homes in Lekki Phase 1. Price ₦750,000 per sqm (Net) Location Lekki Phase 1, Lagos Available Land Sizes 920sqm 930sqm Property Type Residential Land for more information, pricing and private viewing Please Contact: Emmanuel: 09088072106 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate
Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
C W Real Estate
₦750,000per sq.m
Land for sale
Prime Residential Land
CWL1601 Prime Residential Land Lekki Phase1 Invest in premium residential land within the highly sought-after Lekki Phase 1, Lagos. These two plots offer an excellent opportunity to build luxury homes or secure a valuable real estate investment in one of Lagos' most desirable neighborhoods. With a Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), these properties provide secure ownership and strong long-term appreciation potential. Property Details Location: Lekki Phase 1, Lagos Property Type: Residential Land Available Land Sizes: 920sqm 930sqm Title: Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Price: ₦750,000 per sqm (Net) Property Highlights Prime Lekki Phase 1 Location Two Available Plots Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) Well-Developed Neighborhood Excellent Road Network Ideal for Luxury Residential Development Investment Highlights High Capital Appreciation Potential Prime Residential Address Strong Investment Value Suitable for Luxury Homes Secure Land Title Ideal Buyer These plots are ideal for developers, investors, and individuals looking to build bespoke luxury homes in Lekki Phase 1. Price ₦750,000 per sqm (Net) Location Lekki Phase 1, Lagos Available Land Sizes 920sqm 930sqm Property Type Residential Land for more information, pricing and private viewing Please Contact: Emmanuel: 09088072106 Lilian: 09062511340 Email: [email protected] We are Social! Check out other Fantastic Premium Listings on our Social Media Platforms IG: @cwrelagos Twitter: @cwrelagos Facebook: @cwrealestate
Lekki Phase 1, Lekki, Lagos
C W Real Estate
Showing 10,121–10,141 of 20,564 properties
ADVERTISEMENTResponsive
FAQ
Frequently asked questions
The average price of land in Nigeria is ₦350,000,000.
The price of the most expensive land in Nigeria is ₦30,000,000,000.
The price of the cheapest land in Nigeria is ₦750,000.
There are 20,564 available land in Nigeria. You can view and filter the list of property by price, furnishing and recency.