Nigeria Property Centre

5 Bedroom Detached Duplexes for Sale in Lugbe District, Abuja

There are 93 houses for sale in Lugbe District as of 8 Sep 2026, with an average price of ₦170M. Every listing is posted by an estate agent or developer you can contact directly — filter by price, type, furnishing and recency to find the right home.

Well Finished 5 Bedroom Duplex — By Nut Lugbe Abuja, Sabon Lugbe, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
9
₦300,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Well Finished 5 Bedroom Duplex

The property is situated at Bridge Heaven Estate, Airport Road, Along von road by nut, Lugbe, Abuja. It is a 5 bedroom fully detached duplex. It is furnished with air conditioners in all rooms and 2nos in the palour, there is 24hours constant electricity in the property because it comes with 12kW Inverter system supported by 2nos 12kWh Lithium Batteries, with more than 16 Units of 650W Monocrystalline Solar Panels etc. It is finished with modern tiles, wardrobes, kitchen cabinet, borehole water supplies from the overhead tanks, the ceiling is made of plaster of Paris, it is fenced with gate, situated in a serene and secured environment etc The interior Video is available on request. For informations: Contact The Mandate Emma Chibueze Ihugba Consulting. Estate Surveyors and Valuers Suite S-217 Haramani Plaza Itako Abuja.

By Nut Lugbe Abuja, Sabon Lugbe, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 6 Parking
Emma Chibueze Ihugba Consulting
Modern Masterpiece - 5 Bedroom Mansion with Swimming Pool — River Park Estate, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
21
₦750,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Modern Masterpiece - 5 Bedroom Mansion with Swimming Pool

UP for sale: Well finished 5 bedrooms detached Mansion with 3 bedrooms Boy's quarters, all ensuite. 3 living rooms, Spacious dinning area, laundry room. Big fitted kitchen, Swimming pool etc All the public areas finished with polished granites. Land area :900sqm Location: River Park Estate, along Airport road Abuja. Net price #750m. Agency fees: 5%

River Park Estate, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 5 baths 6 toilets 12 Parking
Biome Properties
5 Bedrooms Fully Detached Duplex with BQ — Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
6 Video
₦350,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

5 Bedrooms Fully Detached Duplex with BQ

5 bedroom fully detached duplex with BQ inside an Estate @Lugbe, Abuja. The price is N350m. Direct contact. Pa

Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 5 baths 5 toilets
Somrex Reliable Sources Limited
5 Bedroom Detached Duplex with BQ — New Site Estate Fha, Kiami, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
1
₦200,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

5 Bedroom Detached Duplex with BQ

Spacious 5 bedroom detached duplex with a bq attached. Title: Fha allocation Size: 800sqm Location: new site Estate fha lugbe Abuja Note: we sell with Ac and inverter Price: 200m asking

New Site Estate Fha, Kiami, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 4 Parking
Mojieest Realtor
5 Bedroom Detached Duplex — Shalom Estate, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
4
₦80,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

5 Bedroom Detached Duplex

5-bedroom detached duplex Location: Shalom Estate Land Size: 500sqm Title fcda Approved Completion: 60% Complete - All windows fixed - Plastered - Roofed - Wiring completed - Piping completed - Buildable & livable environment Price: ₦80 Million A solid investment opportunity in a serene and desirable location. Contact Mojeest Realtor for inspection and more details.

Shalom Estate, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 4 Parking
Mojieest Realtor
A Semi-Finished 5 Bedroom Luxury Property — Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
1
₦370,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

A Semi-Finished 5 Bedroom Luxury Property

A semi-finished 5 Bedroom Luxury property Location: Riverpark, Abuja. Cinema Gym Study 2 Living Areas Rooftop terrace with swimming pool. Roofed and exterior rendered/painted. Price: ₦370M Brokerage fee: 5%

Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 toilets
Ep Real Estate Abuja
Luxury 5 Bedroom Detached a Penthouse and BQ — Navy Estate Karshi, Amac, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
25
₦350,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Luxury 5 Bedroom Detached a Penthouse and BQ

For sale type: 5bed fully detached duplex. Original price: N400M Only now DISCOUNTED:N350m Only. Location: Abuja general description The Properties are 5 Bedroom Fully detached Penthouse 2 Storey Buildings with 2 Studio Apartments serving as BQs to each one and a Gate House each. All Bedrooms & Living Rooms are Ensuite and cross ventilated. The Headrooms ie Floor to Ceiling Heights are deliberately between 3.5 Metres to 3.7 Metres high to create seemingly increased volume sizes of working spaces. Conduit Piping Works have been incorporated during Construction to allow for Solar Panel & CCTV Cameras' installations to the need of Clients. Independent Boreholes & Water Storage Tank for 24/7 uninterrupted water supply is provided. Soft (Hedges & Flowers) and Hard (Kerbs/Interlocking stones) Landscape has been executed to give the Property the Natural Ambiance it deserves. Storm water from the Roofs of the Property are well channeled underground to the Estate drainage outside the Property. All Lighting Fittings are led including the Chandeliers to Reduce Electric Power Consumption. The Property has a Covered Car Port that can Conveniently Accommodate 4 Cars and an Open Interlocked Space that can park 6 Cars conveniently for Guests. Apart from the Adequate Security Provided by the Nigerian Navy; the Property is also secured with Energised Electric Fence with its Main Gate Fully Motorised. Each Property is Built on a 750 Square Metre Plot Size. More detail descriptions On the Ground Floor is the Main Living dovetailing unto the Dining which opens to the Main Kitchen. This Kitchen is Fully Fitted ie 5 Burner Electric/Gas Cooker & Extractor, Micro Wave, Oven, Magic Corner for Maximum Utilisation of available Storage Space & Water Heater. It also has an adjoining Pantry and the Kitchen Table Top, Island, Stairways & Halliway of the Gate Houses are Exquisitely Finished with Glazed/Polished Imported Granite. Also on this Floor is the Guest Room whose convenience is Finished with Imported Tampered Glass Shower Cubicle from Lifemate amongst others. There also exist a convenience for Living Room Guests with a utility store carefully tucked under the staircase. Provision is made for Natural lighting using Glass Blocks. On the 1st Floor are the Boys' & Girls' Rooms, walk in Wardrobe Closets, Master Bedroom with very large Wardrobe size with inbuilt Shoe Rack & Bookshelves. In the Convenience is Jacuzzi, Shower Cubicle, Water Closet and Soft Touch opening/Closing device of drawers for the Wash Hand Basin. The Master Bedroom has it's own sit out/Balcony space for every evenings' relaxation. Also on this Floor is the Family Living Room with an independent Balcony. On the 2nd Floor is an Ensuite Studio Apartment with a Kitchenette. This can equally serve as a Study. Also on this Floor is a large Terrace & Serving Bay for Social activities like Parties/Seminars. This can accommodate 25 Guests conveniently. From here you can have a Aerial view of what the Estate has to offer ie the IE Ibas 18 Hole Golf Course, Sporting Arena (Football Field, Basketball, Volleyball, Lawn Tennis, Badminton Courts, Water Fountains, Parks for Evening Relaxations & Swimming pool for Residents' use). WE hope this carefully packaged information on the Property meets your expectations and suffice for your need? Speak please!!! NB: Each wing goes for N350,000,000.00 Net ie (N350 Million). Capt'n, Send a Dm, Refer Us

Navy Estate Karshi, Amac, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 5 baths 6 toilets 4 Parking
Sam-Staak Global Concepts.
5 Bedroom Detached House — Bricks Garden Estate, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
3
₦80,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

5 Bedroom Detached House

Direct instruction for sale 5Bedroom Detached House ready for roofing. Bricks Garden Estate, opposite river park Estate, By nut, Lugbe. Estate has C of O Asking: 120m Contact Us: 97035954626 _Caleb Gaadi Consulting_

Bricks Garden Estate, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 5 baths 6 toilets
Caleb Gaadi Consulting
5 Bedroom Detached Duplex — Airport Road, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
1
₦170,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

5 Bedroom Detached Duplex

Well finished 5 bedrooms duplex along airport road Lugbe. Price: 170m

Airport Road, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds
Festayet Nigeria Limited
Distress: 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex + BQ — Airport Road, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
11 Video
₦200,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Distress: 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex + BQ

Distress sale: 5 bedroom fully detached duplex + bq at airport road in an estate. Price: 200m 5 Spacious Bedrooms (4 en-suite, 1 with access to guest toilet) 2 Expansive Living Areas -- one on each floor for maximum comfort Fully Equipped Spacious Kitchen downstairs 3 Private Balconies offering fresh air and great views Self-contained BQ + Extra Room that can be used for anything Finishing Premium glass paint finishes (including master bedroom) Smooth satin wall finishes in other rooms Located in a fully secured estate ️ Only 5 minutes drive (10km) from Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport Private gazebo for relaxation Borehole + water system installed Parking for up to 4 cars Electric fence + security house Intercom system across the home Perfect for families, frequent travelers, or smart investors.

Airport Road, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 5 baths 6 toilets
La Accon Global Resources Limited
Newly/Well Design Semi-Finished Five Bedrooms Duplex, BQ (Carcass) — Cl 3 River Park Estate Off Airport Road, Lugbe District, Abuja
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2 Video
₦350,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Newly/Well Design Semi-Finished Five Bedrooms Duplex, BQ (Carcass)

Direct Instruction! Style, Elegance, Luxuriously Design Fine Architectur! Semi-Finished Five(5) Bedrooms Luxury Property Featuring: - Cinema - Gym - Study - Two(2) Living Areas - Rooftop Terrace With Swimming Pool Roofed And Exterior Rendered/Painted. Liberty Way, Cluster 3, River Park Estate, Airport Road Abuja. Price: N350M asking... Facilitator's fee: 5% Note: Fully finished is currently selling @550M asking...* DM US with your offer! Whatsapp: +2348141162834.

Cl 3 River Park Estate Off Airport Road, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 5 baths 6 toilets 3 Parking
Wealthpool Global Resource
Luxury 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex with BQ — Jedo, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
14
₦270,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Luxury 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex with BQ

For sale Luxury 5 bedroom fully detached with BQ Lugbe, Abuja 5 bed Distress price: 270m Title: CofO Building Approval For more enquiries, call/whatsapp: +2348068045170, +2349078327304

Jedo, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets
Palacios Homes
5 Bedroom Duplex Located Seperated 3 Bedroom Upstairs, 2 Bedrooms Downstairs — Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
4
₦220,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

5 Bedroom Duplex Located Seperated 3 Bedroom Upstairs, 2 Bedrooms Downstairs

5bedroom duplex located at nut Lugbe seperated 3bedroom upstairs 2 bedroom downstairs with a bq 220 million net

Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds
Tochez Properties
Luxury 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex Carcass — District. Abuja - Nigeria., Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
10
₦80,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Luxury 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex Carcass

Luxury 5Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex Carcass With B.Q And Big Compound Measuring 650 Square Meters, Built For Luxury, Comfort And Security In An Estate In Lugbe District. Abuja - Nigeria. Price = 80million (80,000,000). Note: 5% Profession Fee Apply. Title: Rofo And Estate Allocation Letter. Features: - Very Serene And Secured Environment Blended With Nature. - Well Managed Estate. - Steady Power Supply. - 24 Hours Security. - Available Water. - Excellent Space Arrangement (Internally And Externally). - Spacious Compound To Wind And Unwind. - Excellent Rental And Resale Values (Good Return On Investment). - It Is a Must-See (Good Value For Money). - Don't Miss This Opportunity (This Is Indeed a Value For Money Investment). For Enquiries or Inspection Please Contact: Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd, Suite C10, 2nd Floor, Broadway Mall, Behind Kaura Market, Opposite Prince And Princess Estate (2nd Gate), Abuja -- Nigeria. or Call/Whatsapp: 07055558560. 07064844447. Note: Site inspection is strictly on appointment. Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd Specialise basically on real estate development, Buying, selling and renting of Property, Property management, building/construction works, estate valuers & brokers, site supervision, Architect and project management. (F1.M5.JUL.26)

District. Abuja - Nigeria., Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 5 Parking
Goldmind Global Homes Nig LTD
5 Bedroom Duplex — Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
12
₦260,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

5 Bedroom Duplex

️ 𝗦𝗘𝗟𝗟𝗜𝗡𝗚 5𝗕𝗘𝗗 ₦260𝗠 𝗔𝗜𝗥𝗣𝗢𝗥𝗧 𝗥𝗢𝗔𝗗 𝗔𝗕𝗨𝗝𝗔 This is to be delivered finished. 5-bedroom Detatched Duplex located in one of the prestigious Estate Along Airport Road Abuja. Featuring spacious interiors, modern architecture, and excellent investment potential. 𝐒𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐞: ₦260,000,000 𝐁𝐫𝐨𝐤𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐞 𝐟𝐞𝐞: 5% 𝐋𝐨𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧: Airport Road, Lugbe Abuja.

Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 6 Parking
Kemmilcah Properties
Luxury 5 Bedroom Detached Duplex (Carcass) — Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
5
₦70,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Luxury 5 Bedroom Detached Duplex (Carcass)

Luxury 5Bedroom Detached Duplex Carcass With B.Q And Big Compound Measuring 650 Square Meters, Built For Luxury, Comfort And Security In An Estate In Lugbe District. Abuja - Nigeria. Price = 70million (70,000,000). Note: 5% Profession Fee Apply. Title: Rofo And Estate Allocation Letter. Features: - Very Serene And Secured Environment Blended With Nature. - Well Managed Estate. - Steady Power Supply. - 24 Hours Security. - Available Water. - Excellent Space Arrangement (Internally And Externally). - Spacious Compound To Wind And Unwind. - Excellent Rental And Resale Values (Good Return On Investment). - It Is a Must-See (Good Value For Money). - Don't Miss This Opportunity (This Is Indeed a Value For Money Investment). For Enquiries or Inspection Please Contact: Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd, Suite C10, 2nd Floor, Broadway Mall, Behind Kaura Market, Opposite Prince And Princess Estate (2nd Gate), Abuja -- Nigeria. or Call/Whatsapp: 07055558560. 07064844447. Note: Site inspection is strictly on appointment. Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd Specialise basically on real estate development, Buying, selling and renting of Property, Property management, building/construction works, estate valuers & brokers, site supervision, Architect and project management. (F1.M2.JUL.26)

Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 5 Parking
Goldmind Global Homes Nig LTD
Luxury 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex House — Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
9
₦100,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Luxury 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex House

Luxury 5Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex House With Big Compound Measuring 700 Square Meters, Built For Luxury, Comfort And Security In An Estate In Lugbe District. Abuja - Nigeria. Price = 100million (100,000,000). Note: 5% Profession Fee Apply. Title: Rofo And Estate Allocation Letter. Features: - Very Serene And Secured Environment Blended With Nature. - Well Managed Estate. - Steady Power Supply. - 24 Hours Security. - Available Water. - Excellent Space Arrangement (Internally And Externally). - Spacious Compound To Wind And Unwind. - Excellent Rental And Resale Values (Good Return On Investment). - It Is a Must-See (Good Value For Money). - Don't Miss This Opportunity (This Is Indeed a Value For Money Investment). For Enquiries or Inspection Please Contact: Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd, Suite C10, 2nd Floor, Broadway Mall, Behind Kaura Market, Opposite Prince And Princess Estate (2nd Gate), Abuja -- Nigeria. or Call/Whatsapp: 07055558560. 07064844447. Note: Site inspection is strictly on appointment. Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd Specialise basically on real estate development, Buying, selling and renting of Property, Property management, building/construction works, estate valuers & brokers, site supervision, Architect and project management. (F1.W6.JUL.26)

Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 5 Parking
Goldmind Global Homes Nig LTD
Luxury 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex Carcass — Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
17
₦110,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Luxury 5 Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex Carcass

Luxury 5Bedroom Fully Detached Duplex Carcass With B.Q And Big Compound Measuring 700 Square Meters, Built For Luxury, Comfort And Security In An Estate In Lugbe District. Abuja - Nigeria. Price = 110million (110,000,000). Note: 5% Profession Fee Apply. Title: Rofo And Estate Allocation Letter. Features: - Very Serene And Secured Environment Blended With Nature. - Well Managed Estate. - Steady Power Supply. - 24 Hours Security. - Available Water. - Excellent Space Arrangement (Internally And Externally). - Spacious Compound To Wind And Unwind. - Excellent Rental And Resale Values (Good Return On Investment). - It Is a Must-See (Good Value For Money). - Don't Miss This Opportunity (This Is Indeed a Value For Money Investment). For Enquiries or Inspection Please Contact: Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd, Suite C10, 2nd Floor, Broadway Mall, Behind Kaura Market, Opposite Prince And Princess Estate (2nd Gate), Abuja -- Nigeria. or Call/Whatsapp: 07055558560. 07064844447. Note: Site inspection is strictly on appointment. Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd Specialise basically on real estate development, Buying, selling and renting of Property, Property management, building/construction works, estate valuers & brokers, site supervision, Architect and project management. (F1.M15.JUL.26)

Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 5 Parking
Goldmind Global Homes Nig LTD
Luxury 5 Bedroom Detached Duplex Carcass — Lugbe District, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
11
₦48,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Luxury 5 Bedroom Detached Duplex Carcass

Luxury 5Bedroom Detached Duplex Carcass With B.Q And Big Compound Measuring 750 Square Meters, Built For Luxury, Comfort And Security In An Estate In Lugbe District. Abuja - Nigeria. Price = 48million (48,000,000). Note: 5% Profession Fee Apply. Title: Rofo And Estate Allocation Letter. Features: - Very Serene And Secured Environment Blended With Nature. - Well Managed Estate. - Steady Power Supply. - 24 Hours Security. - Available Water. - Excellent Space Arrangement (Internally And Externally). - Spacious Compound To Wind And Unwind. - Excellent Rental And Resale Values (Good Return On Investment). - It Is a Must-See (Good Value For Money). - Don't Miss This Opportunity (This Is Indeed a Value For Money Investment). For Enquiries or Inspection Please Contact: Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd, Suite C10, 2nd Floor, Broadway Mall, Behind Kaura Market, Opposite Prince And Princess Estate (2nd Gate), Abuja -- Nigeria. or Call/Whatsapp: 07055558560. 07064844447. Note: Site inspection is strictly on appointment. Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd Specialise basically on real estate development, Buying, selling and renting of Property, Property management, building/construction works, estate valuers & brokers, site supervision, Architect and project management. (F1.M14.JUL.26)

Lugbe District, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 5 Parking
Goldmind Global Homes Nig LTD
Luxury 5 Bedroom Duplex Carcass — Seman Estate, Sharing Fence with Riverpark Estate, Sabon Lugbe, Lugbe District, Abuja
Premium
11
₦40,000,000

Detached duplex for sale

Luxury 5 Bedroom Duplex Carcass

5Bedroom Duplex Carcass With B.Q And Big Compound Measuring 700 Square Meters, Built For Luxury, Comfort And Security In Seman estate In Lugbe, Sharing Fence with riverpark estate, Behind Dunamis Church, Abuja - Nigeria. Price = 40million (40,000,000). Note: 5% Profession Fee Apply. Title: Rofo And Estate Allocation Letter. Features: - Very Serene And Secured Environment Blended With Nature. - Well Managed Estate. - Steady Power Supply. - 24 Hours Security. - Available Water. - Excellent Space Arrangement (Internally And Externally). - Spacious Compound To Wind And Unwind. - Excellent Rental And Resale Values (Good Return On Investment). - It Is a Must-See (Good Value For Money). - Don't Miss This Opportunity (This Is Indeed a Value For Money Investment). For Enquiries or Inspection Please Contact: Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd, Suite C10, 2nd Floor, Broadway Mall, Behind Kaura Market, Opposite Prince And Princess Estate (2nd Gate), Abuja -- Nigeria. or Call/Whatsapp: 07055558560. 07064844447. Note: Site inspection is strictly on appointment. Goldmind Global Homes Nig Ltd Specialise basically on real estate development, Buying, selling and renting of Property, Property management, building/construction works, estate valuers & brokers, site supervision, Architect and project management. (F1.M12.JUL.26)

Seman Estate, Sharing Fence with Riverpark Estate, Sabon Lugbe, Lugbe District, Abuja
5 beds 6 baths 6 toilets 5 Parking
Goldmind Global Homes Nig LTD

Showing 1–20 of 93 properties

Area Guide

About Lugbe District, Abuja

Lugbe district is a suburban area in Abuja. It is regarded as a very popular place. It is in the Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC). It is largely residential and densely populated. Lugbe is about 17 minutes drive from the Central Business District of Abuja and 13 minutes drive to the Abuja Airport. It is along the airport road. Lugbe is divided into five districts namely Lugbe south, Lugbe north, Lugbe central, Lugbe west, Lugbe east.

Though Lugbe is not in the Federal Capital City (FCC), its proximity to the city centre and also to the Abuja airport has brought it into lime light and attracted significant development to the area. The area is developing very fast and is viable area to invest in real estate. Some important places in Lugbe include: National Space Development and Research Agency, FHA Estate, Voice of Nigeria Transmission Station. Lugbe has estates, some of which are completed and some others which are still in the making, they are: Federal housing authority, FHA Estate, Wisdom Estate, Trademore Estate, NCC Estate, Shibann Court Estate, Osilama Garden Estate, People Paradise Estate, Triumph Estate.

Read the full area guide
FAQ

Frequently asked questions

The average price of 5 bedroom detached duplexes for sale in Lugbe District, Abuja is ₦170,000,000.

The price of the most expensive 5 bedroom detached duplexes for sale in Lugbe District, Abuja is ₦750,000,000.

The price of the cheapest 5 bedroom detached duplexes for sale in Lugbe District, Abuja is ₦33,000,000.

There are 93 available 5 bedroom detached duplexes for sale in Lugbe District, Abuja. You can view and filter the list of property by price, furnishing and recency.